Question 1

What is EN36 / 655M13 steel used for?

Accepted Answer

EN36 / 655M13 is a high-nickel case hardening steel used wherever a very hard, wear-resistant surface must be combined with a tough, shock-resistant core. Primary applications include automotive gearbox gears, differential pinions, and crown wheels; heavy-duty truck and commercial vehicle transmission shafts; mining equipment gears, sprockets, and track drive components; industrial gearbox shafts and pinions in cement, power generation, and materials processing plant; and construction equipment final drive components. In UAE and GCC markets, EN36 is specified for heavy-duty automotive and industrial gear applications where lower-alloy grades like 8620 cannot deliver adequate core toughness in larger section sizes. Its high nickel content (3.00-3.75% Ni) gives EN36 a significantly tougher core than most alternative case hardening grades after carburising.

Question 2

What is the DIN / EN equivalent of EN36 / 655M13?

Accepted Answer

The European DIN equivalent of EN36 / 655M13 is 14NiCr14 (Werkstoff-Nr. 1.5752) per BS EN ISO 683-11. The nearest North American equivalent is AISI 3310 (UNS G33100), though the compositions are not identical - always verify against the MTC rather than assuming full interchangeability. The Japanese equivalent is SNC815 per JIS G4103. EN36 and 655M13 are both British Standard designations (BS 970) for the same grade - EN36 is the legacy designation, 655M13 is the BS 970 Part 3 designation. 655M17 is a closely related variant with slightly higher carbon content.

Question 3

What is the difference between EN36 and 8620 case hardening steel?

Accepted Answer

The key difference is nickel content and resulting core toughness. EN36 / 655M13 contains 3.00-3.75% Ni, while 8620 (20NiCrMo2) contains 0.40-0.70% Ni. This gives EN36 significantly superior core toughness after case hardening - particularly in sections above 75 mm diameter where 8620 may not through-harden adequately. EN36 achieves core hardness of 30-45 HRC with excellent impact resistance; 8620 achieves 25-40 HRC core with good but lower impact toughness. 8620 is the more economical choice for high-volume automotive production of smaller gears; EN36 is specified for heavy-duty, large-section, or high-shock-load applications where maximum core toughness is critical. EN36 is also more difficult to weld than 8620.

Question 4

What condition is EN36 / 655M13 normally supplied in?

Accepted Answer

EN36 / 655M13 is almost always supplied in the annealed (soft) condition, ready for the customer to perform carburising and case hardening. The annealed hardness is typically 156-217 HB, giving good machinability for pre-carburising machining operations. Normalised condition (170-230 HB) is available for large-section forgings requiring grain refinement prior to carburising. EN36 is never supplied in the case-hardened condition by Nifty Alloys as standard - case hardening is performed by the customer's heat treatment facility after machining the component to near-final dimensions.

Question 5

Is EN36 / 655M13 suitable for welding?

Accepted Answer

EN36 is not normally specified for welded fabrications. It can be welded in the annealed condition with preheat to 150-200 degrees C using low-hydrogen consumables (ER80S-Ni2 for TIG, E8016-C1 for SMAW), but the weld area will not respond to carburising in the same way as the parent material. Post-weld stress relief at 620-650 degrees C is required. Welding after case hardening is not recommended and should be avoided. If a weldable case hardening steel is needed, AISI 8620 (20NiCrMo2) offers significantly better weldability at the cost of lower core toughness in large sections.

Question 6

What sizes of EN36 / 655M13 are available in UAE?

Accepted Answer

Nifty Alloys stocks EN36 / 655M13 in the following forms and sizes from our Dubai warehouse: Round Bar: 10 mm to 400 mm diameter (hot-rolled; ground/peeled on request). Plate / Block: 20-350 mm thickness, cut-to-size. Hot Forged Bar: 75-500 mm diameter for large gear blanks requiring deep case hardening. Forgings: all sizes on request - gear blanks, ring gears, shafts - lead times apply. For non-standard sizes or large-section requirements, contact our technical sales team for stock confirmation.

Question 7

Is EN36 / 655M13 available from stock in Dubai / UAE?

Accepted Answer

Yes - EN36 / 655M13 is held in stock at our Dubai, UAE warehouse in the annealed condition in round bar sizes. Delivery within the UAE takes 24-48 hours. We supply to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain within 3-5 working days. Normalised material and large-section forged bar are available on short indent from our European mill sources. Forgings are produced to order with lead times. Contact Nifty Alloys for same-day stock confirmation and quotation.

Question 8

What certifications are supplied with EN36 / 655M13 from Nifty Alloys?

Accepted Answer

All EN36 / 655M13 supplied by Nifty Alloys is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 Mill Test Certificates as standard, confirming chemical composition, mechanical properties in the supply condition (annealed or normalised), and full traceability to mill source. EN 10204 3.2 third-party inspection is available on request for project-critical applications. Note: the MTC covers the soft supply condition only - case-hardened properties after customer heat treatment are the customer's responsibility to verify.

Question 9

What case hardness and case depth can be achieved with EN36 / 655M13?

Accepted Answer

After gas carburising at 880-930 degrees C followed by oil quench and low tempering (150-180 degrees C), EN36 / 655M13 achieves: Surface case hardness of 58-64 HRC; Case depth of 0.8-2.5 mm (controlled by carburising time - approximately 0.1 mm per hour at 930 degrees C); Core hardness of 30-45 HRC depending on section size. The high nickel content ensures that even in sections up to 150 mm diameter, the core achieves adequate hardness and toughness. Sub-zero treatment (minus 70 to minus 80 degrees C) between hardening and tempering is recommended for precision gears to convert retained austenite and minimise dimensional change in service.

Question 10

What is the difference between EN36 and EN36C / 655M17?

Accepted Answer

EN36C (also designated 655M17) is a higher-carbon variant of EN36 with carbon content of 0.14-0.19% vs 0.12-0.17% for standard EN36 (655M13). The slightly higher carbon in EN36C gives a marginally higher core strength after case hardening, but the practical difference is small. Both grades achieve similar case hardness (58-64 HRC) and core toughness. EN36C / 655M17 is specified where higher core strength is the priority; standard EN36 / 655M13 is more commonly stocked and is the default supply. Always verify the exact designation on the MTC - 655M13 and 655M17 are not interchangeable in all applications.

Standard	Status	Notes
EN 10204 3.1	Suitable	Mill Test Certificate from manufacturer's authorised inspector - standard with all Nifty Alloys supply. Covers the soft supply condition only.
EN 10204 3.2	Conditional	Mill Test Certificate with independent third-party inspection - available on request; advise at order stage.

Property	EN36 / 655M13 — EN ISO 683-11 — AnnealedDefault	EN36 / 655M13 — EN ISO 683-11 — Normalised
Tensile Strength (UTS)min	680 MPaTypical: 770 MPaCondition: Room temp, longitudinalNotes: Annealed condition per BS EN ISO 683-11. For machinability reference only - not structural specification.	740 MPaTypical: 850 MPaCondition: Room temp, longitudinalNotes: Normalised condition. Higher than annealed due to air-cooled microstructure.
Yield Strength (0.2% Proof Stress)min	390 MPaTypical: 480 MPaCondition: Room temp, longitudinal	460 MPaTypical: 560 MPaCondition: Room temp, longitudinal
Elongationmin	15 %Typical: 20 %Condition: 50 mm gauge length	13 %Typical: 18 %Condition: 50 mm gauge length
Reduction of Areamin	50 %Typical: 62 %Condition: Longitudinal	45 %Typical: 58 %Condition: Longitudinal
Hardnessrange	156–217 HBTypical: 185 HBCondition: Surface, BrinellNotes: Max 217 HB per BS EN ISO 683-11 annealed. Target for good machinability.	170–230 HBTypical: 200 HBCondition: Surface, BrinellNotes: Typical range for normalised EN36.
Impact Energy (Charpy)	—Notes: Not typically specified for annealed supply condition.	—Notes: Not typically specified for normalised condition.

Property	EN36 / 655M13 — EN ISO 683-11 — AnnealedDefault	EN36 / 655M13 — EN ISO 683-11 — Normalised
Density20 degrees C	7.8 g/cm3	7.8 g/cm3
Modulus of Elasticity25 degrees C	210 GPa	210 GPa
Thermal Conductivity100 degrees C	36 W/m.K	36 W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion20-100 degrees C	12.5 um/m.degC	12.5 um/m.degC
Specific Heat Capacity20 degrees C	460 J/kg.K	460 J/kg.K
Melting Point / RangeSolidus	1420 degrees C	1420 degrees C

EN36 / 655M13 / 14NiCr14

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Standard

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Compliance & Certification

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Overview

Frequently Asked Questions

What is EN36 / 655M13 steel used for?

What is the DIN / EN equivalent of EN36 / 655M13?

What is the difference between EN36 and 8620 case hardening steel?

What condition is EN36 / 655M13 normally supplied in?

Is EN36 / 655M13 suitable for welding?

What sizes of EN36 / 655M13 are available in UAE?

Is EN36 / 655M13 available from stock in Dubai / UAE?

What certifications are supplied with EN36 / 655M13 from Nifty Alloys?

What case hardness and case depth can be achieved with EN36 / 655M13?

What is the difference between EN36 and EN36C / 655M17?

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Standard	Designation	Notes
BS	EN36	Legacy EN (BS 970) designation for the grade.
BS	655M13	BS 970 Part 3 designation.
BS	655M17	BS 970 Part 3 variant (higher-carbon EN36C).
DIN	14NiCr14	Current EN/DIN designation.
EN / Werkstoff	1.5752	Werkstoff-Nr.
AISI / SAE	AISI 3310	Nearest North American equivalent - not a direct compositional match; confirm with MTC.
UNS	G33100	Nearest UNS equivalent (AISI 3310).
JIS	SNC815	Nearest Japanese equivalent (JIS G4103).
EN Name	14NiCr14	European designation per BS EN ISO 683-11.